Iris: The Noble and Symbolic Flower

Bearded iris (Rhizomes): Best planted in late summer to early autumn (July-September), allowing roots to establish before winter.

Bulbous iris (Dutch iris, Reticulata iris, etc.): Should be planted in autumn (September-November), about 4-6 weeks before the first frost.

In mild winter regions, both types can also be planted in early spring, but autumn planting is preferred for stronger blooms.

For bearded iris (Rhizomes):

1. Choose a sunny location – Iris needs at least 6 hours of sunlight per day.
2. Prepare the soil – Use well-draining soil; sandy or loamy soil is ideal.
3. Planting depth –
   • Plant rhizomes shallowly, with the top slightly exposed or just below the surface.
   • If buried too deep, they may not bloom.
4. Spacing – Keep 30-40 cm between plants for airflow and healthy growth.
5. Watering – Water lightly after planting, then only when needed to avoid rot.

For bulbous iris (Dutch iris, Reticulata iris, etc.):

1. Plant bulbs 8-10 cm deep, with the pointed tip facing upwards.
2. Space them 10-15 cm apart in well-drained soil.
3. Mulch lightly in winter in colder climates to protect them.
4. Water after planting, but avoid overwatering.

• Deadhead spent blooms to prevent seed formation and encourage energy storage for next year.
• Leave the foliage intact until it turns yellow; the leaves help the plant store nutrients.
• For bearded iris:
  • Trim the leaves to about 15 cm in late summer to keep the plant tidy.
  • Every 3-5 years, divide overcrowded rhizomes in late summer to maintain vigorous blooming.
• For bulbous iris:
  • Let the foliage die back naturally.
  • If growing in pots or cold regions, lift bulbs and store them in a cool, dry place until replanting in autumn.

Bearded iris: Blooms in late spring to early summer (May-June). Some varieties rebloom in late summer.

Bulbous iris (Dutch iris, Reticulata iris, etc.): Blooms in early to mid-spring (March-May), depending on the variety and climate.

Siberian iris & Japanese iris: Bloom in late spring to early summer (May-July).

The scent of iris flowers varies by variety:

• Bearded iris: Has a fragrance ranging from sweet and floral to grape-like or citrusy.
• Bulbous iris (Dutch iris): Often has a light, fresh floral scent.
• Iris pallida (Orris root iris): Has a powdery, violet-like fragrance, often used in perfumes.
• Siberian iris & Japanese iris: Usually little to no fragrance.